DEFINITIONS

AdBlue - A trademarked name under which urea is marketed for SCR systems in Europe.

American Petroleum Institute (API) - A trade association of petroleum producers, refiners, marketers, and transporters, organized for the advancement of the petroleum industry by conducting research, gathering and disseminating information, and maintaining cooperation between government and the industry.

Closed Dispense System - A sealed storage tank that protects DEF from potential contamination by means of a sealed valve and matching coupler that is used to re-fill the tank without compromising the integrity of the product.

Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) - An aqueous urea solution manufactured from technically pure urea and deionized water without the addition of any other substances. DEF is a NOx reduction agent that is injected into the exhaust of SCR diesel engines. DEF is the same as AdBlue is Europe and AUS32.

Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) - The technology currently in use in the U.S. (and by some manufacturers in Europe) to comply with standards for reducing oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions from diesel engines. In an EGR engine, some of the exhaust gas is cooled and recycled back through the engine to dilute the amount of oxygen in the intake charge. This reduces the temperature of combustion and lowers the formation of NOx.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - A collective group responsible for international standard setting.

Mini-Bulk - A turnkey storage and dispensing system that arrives at a site fully assembled and includes all required vents, valves and appurtenances. It may be pre-wired, insulated and/or provide secondary containment. Storage capacity ranges from 800 to 2,000 gallons.

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) - The generic term for a group of highly reactive gases, all of which contain nitrogen and oxygen in varying amounts.

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) - An emission-reduction technology that uses DEF with A catalytic converter to reduce NOx in diesel engine exhaust.

Urea - A colorless crystalline compound that is also known as carbamide and carbonyl diamide, and has numerous trade names as well. It is highly soluble in water and is odorless in its purest state, although most samples of even high purity have an ammonia odor.